domingo, 26 de septiembre de 2010

Osteogenesis imperfecta drive at state's Capitol(1)

By Alfredo Santana

Bill Scarberry moved and rolled with his electric wheelchair across the front green lawn at the state’s Capitol in Sacramento to greet participants at the Third Annual Unbreakable Spirit Walk for Osteogeneis Imperfecta (OI), and to instruct them to keep spreading the word about the little known condition, which makes bones brittle on people diagnosed with it.

Scarberry, organizer of the OI walk, said despite the fact OI has been known to affect humans for many decades, close to nothing is reported by the media to create awareness about a condition that 50,000 people in the United States live with every day.

“We are here to talk about the event, the OI Foundation, and the need for media coverage. This event is a good start to improve things about OI,” said Scarberry, who is married to Anastasia Scarberry, and has two daughters. “We need you to be here as friends, as part of support networks, as family with members with OI, etc. This is a good way to spread out the word about OI and the event.”

The OI awareness walk took place on Saturday, Sept. 25, from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. in the lawns of the state’s Capitol, the center of California's legislative action. Its purpose was to raise funds for the foundation, to serve as a network point for people whose relatives live with OI, for friends and family members who have one, or two relatives with OI, and to launch a message to California’s elected officials about the need for funding research, educational, and social programs that improve the quality of life of people with this disease.

About 200 people, among them about 15 adults, children and toddlers with OI, gathered at the west steps of the Capitol, and walked around the Capitol Park. The Walk-and Roll event was a symbolic gesture to honor those who have been lost to the condition, and to keep the spirit alive that support from the state’s government agencies, and from individual donations are crucial to better understand OI, and people diagnosed with it.

Youth wearing T-shirts with phrases that read “We are walking for our future,” and “Support OI Foundation,” also joined the event, which included a musical performance from the band Jukebox. The three-member guitar and bass band played old rockabilly tunes at a makeshift tent in the steps of the Capitol from 10 a.m. until the event was over.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder that causes bones to break easily. Each time someone breaks a bone, the healing and rehabilitation process becomes lengthy, and difficult. A syndrome of painful fractures that often need surgery develops, as they force individuals away from school and work. These condition isolates them from friends and peers. Families with OI members often spend tens of thousands of dollars battling the complications of OI.

People diagnosed with OI have a faulty gene that instructs their bodies to make little, or poor quality-type 1 collagen, the protein that gives strength and helps structure the human bones. About one-third of children born with OI each year come from families whose history do not include cases with the condition.

How the so called “brittle bone” disease impacts individuals varies individually. Some suffer only several fractures in their lives. However, others can suffer hundreds of fractures before they reach adulthood, and develop weak, shorter limbs, and abnormal ribs cage. Many among these cases must wear special support orthopedic devices must be continuously.

Other medical complications, such as difficulty to breath tend to develop. Also, social barriers must be challenged in the refusal to receive health and medical attention from hospitals, in addition to inadequate architectural buildings that make access to them nothing but almost impossible.

Osteogenesis imperfecta drive at state's Capitol(2)

Bill’s wife, Anastasia, said that among its activities, OI Foundation provides medical information to families and individuals, offers links to professional medical experts in treatment of OI, and fosters the creation of regional support groups across the United States. The foundation started its activities in 1970.

“If someone with OI does not know how to get help, or needs support in an array of social or individual issues, the employees and volunteers at the foundation can help,” said Anastasia. The foundation’s additional goals are to inform, and raise awareness about OI.

The OI Foundation provides at least $500,000 a year in research funds to scientists, medical professionals and educational and research programs to treat, and find a cure for the disease.

In addition, funds collected at the annual awareness walk support a regional grants program for individuals who need specially personalized items, such as electric wheelchairs, physical therapy machines, orthopedic devices, scooters, ramps, and special transportation. If an economic needs persist, medical expenses can also be funded through the foundation.

Robert Pankey, a 42-year-old father of a female toddler, who was also diagnosed with OI, said the event is needed to inform the society about the continuous need for funding, both public and private, to better understand how the genetic disorder evolves, and how it can be scientifically treated.

The foundation’s goal is to eventually find a cure.

Children from parents with OI have a 50% chance to be born with the condition. The older daughter from Bill, who is six, was born without OI. However, the younger daughter, who is four, was diagnosed with the condition.

“This walk is very good. The booths set here offer a lot of information, and people who don’t know how this condition evolves must know it,” said Pankey, who currently stays home to support her daughter, who is 20 months old. “People in our communities are beginning to learn about this condition.”

Donations of $50 or more were accepted, in exchange for an Osteogenesis imperfecta awareness T-shirt, magnets with paperclips, pens, pins, blue little flags, and other items. Regional support groups’ representatives collected several hundred dollars each from their members, and forwarded them to foundation organizers. At least one representative raised $500 from their support group.

In addition, Bill, who works full-time as operations manager at a Hewlett-Packard plant in Roseville, near San Francisco, said the website www.oif.org offers an array of support links, whereby parents with OI can find legal assistance about how parents with the condition are entitled to rear biological children. Links to support groups in northern and southern California, or groups composed of individuals with OI, their families and friends are also available.

“It’s important to get involved in this cause. Every individual, friend and relative who come to this walk helps us support this cause, and make us better people,” said Bill. “We will continue supporting these efforts.”

viernes, 10 de septiembre de 2010

La discapacidad en México

La discapacidad en México

México en deuda con los discapacitados(1)

El mexicano Ángel Valencia ingresó hace cuatro años en un hospital psiquiátrico a causa de un trastorno bipolar. Hoy, tratamiento mediante, se ha reintegrado a la sociedad y es activista de la estadounidense Disability Rights International, con sede en Washington.

Pero Valencia es una excepción en materia de atención a personas con diferentes alteraciones psicosociales, asunto que una vasta coalición de organizaciones no gubernamentales incluyó en un severo informe sobre el cumplimiento de México de la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad.

"La convención no ha implicado cambios en México, pues debieron haber cambiado leyes y garantizado acceso a servicios, y eso no ha ocurrido", dijo el presidente de la organización no gubernamental Libre Acceso, Federico Fleischmann, que se dedica a promover derechos de las personas con discapacidad.

La convención entró en vigor en 2008 y en mayo de este año el Estado mexicano debió haber enviado al Comité de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad un reporte sobre el cumplimiento de este instrumento internacional, aunque se espera que lo haga en lo que resta de año.

En México, país latinoamericano de más de 107 millones de habitants, hay al menos 10 millones de personas con discapacidad: 53% padecen algún problema motriz, 20% intelectual, 18% auditivo y el resto visual, según datos de la no gubernamental Confederación Mexicana de Organizaciones en Favor de la Persona con Discapacidad Intelectual.

Además, unos cuatro millones de personas están expuestas a discriminación por esta causa, según la estatal pero autónoma Comisión de Derechos Humanos de la capital mexicana.

A la clasificación se agregó la categoría de la discapacidad psicosocial, que abarca padecimientos como la esquizofrenia, la depresión y los trastornos bipolar, obseso-compulsivo y limítrofe de la personalidad.

Al menos 15 millones de personas sufren algún tipo de enfermedad mental en México, según datos de la Secretaría (ministerio) de Salud Pública. Unos 500,000 mexicanos y mexicanas padecen de esquizofrenia.

La población de los 31 hospitales psiquiátricos gubernamentales asciende a unos 7,000 internos.

"Con el informe se visualiza la situación. Hay deficiencias, lagunas e irregularidades legales que contravienen los derechos humanos", señaló a la activista Ana Yeli Pérez, de la no gubernamental Comisión Mexicana de Defensa y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos.

México en deuda con los discapacitados(2)

En México, nunca organizaciones de personas con discapacidad y de defensa de los derechos humanos se habían unido para analizar la situación. Más de 100 entidades no gubernamentales trabajaron en la elaboración del informe y lo harán en la difusión de sus resultados.

"Tuvo que haber reformas a las leyes del trabajo, de educación, de salud y nada de eso ha ocurrido. Confiamos en que el Estado va a cumplir con su obligación de presentar el informe", enfatizó Fleishmann, quien se desplaza en una silla de ruedas motorizada.

Desde 2005 está en vigor la Ley General de las Personas con Discapacidad y el año pasado el gobierno presentó el Programa Nacional para el Desarrollo de las Personas con Discapacidad 2009-2012.

Este programa consta de nueve objetivos para articular las políticas públicas en educación, salud y deporte, además de armonizar el marco jurídico en torno a la discapacidad, reducir la discriminación y garantizar el acceso a espacios, bienes y servicios.

Para el informe alternativo, las organizaciones de la sociedad civil levantaron una encuesta nacional sobre el estado de este sector de población. Además, el censo nacional recogido por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía entre mayo y junio incluyó cuatro preguntas sobre el tema.

Las precarias condiciones en que operan los centros psiquiátricos llama la atención de organizaciones mexicanas y extranjeras. En 2000, Disability Rights International publicó el informe "Derechos humanos y salud mental: México", donde se detallan las insuficiencias.

Privación de la libertad, tratos "indignos", deterioro de la infraestructura y falta de personal especializado componen el diagnóstico que realizó en 2008 la Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos en seis de los siete hospitales manejados por el poder federal.

"No deben construirse más hospitales psiquiátricos en el país, hay que descentralizar la atención psiquiátrica para que en cada dispensario o centro de salud se dé atención", planteó Valencia.

En la época colonial, México fue de los primeros territorios con una instalación sanitaria para el cuidado de los enfermos mentales, el Hospital de San Hipólito, fundado en 1556 por el español Bernardino Álvarez.

"Que las personas estén ingresadas en un psiquiátrico es una violación a todos los derechos, pues no tienen rehabilitación y acceso a la salud", resaltó Pérez.

El estado de esos centros quedó expuesto en las páginas del libro "Los manicomios del poder: corrupción y tráfico de influencias en el sector salud", del periodista Jaime Avilés, publicado en 2007.

Un mexicano, Carlos Ríos, fue elegido para integrar el Comité de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad para el periodo 2011-2014, junto a otros 17 expertos, en la Tercera Conferencia de los Estados Parte de la Convención, realizada del 1 al 3 de Septiembre del 2010 en la sede de las Naciones Unidas en Nueva York.